Albertus Magnus was the first to record it in his work De vegetabilibus some time before 1256, commenting vocatur fungus muscarum, eo quod in lacte pulverizatus interficit muscas, "it is called the fly mushroom because it is powdered in milk to kill flies." Showing the partial veil under the cap dropping away to form a ring around the stipe This practice has been recorded from Germanic- and Slavic-speaking parts of Europe, as well as the Vosges region and pockets elsewhere in France, and Romania. The name of the mushroom in many European languages is thought to derive from its use as an insecticide when sprinkled in milk. A local variety of the mushroom was used as an intoxicant and entheogen by the indigenous peoples of Siberia. muscaria, are noted for their hallucinogenic properties, with the main psychoactive constituents being muscimol and its neurotoxic precursor ibotenic acid. All Amanita muscaria varieties, but in particular A. Parboiling twice with water draining weakens its toxicity and breaks down the mushroom's psychoactive substances it is eaten in parts of Europe, Asia, and North America. Recent DNA fungi research, however, has shown that some of these variations are not the same species at all, such as the peach-colored fly agaric ( Amanita persicina) for example, but the common name 'fly agaric' clings on.Īlthough poisonous, death due to poisoning from A.
These subspecies are slightly different, some having yellow or white caps, but they are all usually called fly agarics, and they are most of the time recognizable by their notable white spots. ĭespite its easily distinguishable features, Amanita muscaria is a fungus with several known variations, or subspecies. It associates with various deciduous and coniferous trees.Īrguably the most iconic toadstool species, the fly agaric is a large white- gilled, white-spotted, usually red mushroom, and is one of the most recognizable and widely encountered in popular culture, including in video games-for example, the extensive use of a recognizable Amanita muscaria in the Mario franchise and its Super Mushroom power-up-and television-for example, the houses in The Smurfs franchise. Native throughout the temperate and boreal regions of the Northern Hemisphere, Amanita muscaria has been unintentionally introduced to many countries in the Southern Hemisphere, generally as a symbiont with pine and birch plantations, and is now a true cosmopolitan species. Amanita muscaria, commonly known as the fly agaric or fly amanita, is a basidiomycete of the genus Amanita.
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